Dry shaver



April 19, 1938. E. JACOBSEN DRY SHAVER Filed June 9, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheetl INVENTUR April 19, 1938. 1-; JACQBSEN- 2,114,495

DRY S HAVER Filed June 9, 1937 2 Sheets-Shet 2 INVENTUR Patented Apr.19, 1938 UNITED STATES] PATENT OFFICE 11 Claims.

My invention relates to dry shavers that may be operated by hand orpower and are particularly adapted to clip the beard and hair.

The primary object of my invention is to provide a dry shaver that willgive a close shave rapidly.

A further object of my invention is to provide a dry shaver that may becarried'in ones vest pocket.

A further object of my invention is to provide a dry shaver wherein thebeard is cut by two cutting edges coming together on the same plane.

A further object of my invention is to provide a dry shaver wherein thecutting blade may be cheaply and quickly replaced.

' A further object of my invention is to produce a power dry shaver thatwill meet the requirements of the barbers.

With these and incidental objects in view, the invention consists incertain novel features of construction and combination of parts, theessential elements of which are set forth in the appended claims, and apreferred form of embodiment of which is hereinafter shown withreference to the drawings which accompany and form a part of thisspecification.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a side elevation of the hand operated dry shaver.

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken on line 2-2 Fig. 1, looking inthe direction indicated.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary cross sectional view taken on line 3--3, Fig. 2looking in the direction indicated.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary bottom elevation of a shear type of blade thatmay be used with my shaver.

Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view taken on line 40 55, Fig. 4, looking inthe direction indicated.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal cross sectional view'of a power adaptation tomy shaver.

Fig. 7 is a plan view partially in section of a power shaver showing howthe blade may be placed at right angles to the one shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a side elevation of another form the hand shaver may take.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged end view of a blade showing another shape it maytake.

50 Fig. 10 is an enlarged cross sectional view of the shear type ofblade in a rectangular shape.

Like reference characters refer to like parts throughout the severalviews.

The shaver consists of a cylindrically shaped blade I, having thecutting edges 2. It may be the guard is in back of the cutting edges.

seen in Fig. 2, that these edges are normally held apart preferably bythe spring of the blade itself. The blade is kept from expanding toomuch, by the bores 3 of the operating caps 4 which are disposed at eachend of the blade. I provide a guard spring 5 that fits closely to theinside of the bladewhen expanded so that when the cutting edges of theblade are heldagainst one's face the hair may enter the gap between thecutting edges but the skin or flesh is arrested and held out by theguard spring 5. It may be seen that this will permit a very close shaveas To operate, the shaver is held between the thumb and second fingerwhich fit the concave portions 6 of the caps 4. The first finger lies inthe releaved portion 36 of the blade I and keeps the shaver fromturning. The cutting edges 2 of the blade are held against the face,this permits the hair to enter between the cutting edges of the blade.Pressure may now be exerted on the caps 4 by the thumb and secondfinger, this causes the blade to contract as the tapered bores '1 act ascams on the ends of the blade 4. When the cutting edges come togetherthey of course, cut the interposing hair and as the pressure on the caps4 is released the guard spring and the spring of the blade cause thecaps to return to their starting positions. If this operation isrepeated rapidly one may move .the shaver on the surface of the facethus removing the entire beard. The guide 8, keeps the blade fromturning in the caps. v

In Figs. 4 and 5 I show a shear type of blade that may be used ifdesired. It can be seen that the ends of the blade lap, the outer endforming the guard having the apertures 9 for the hairs to pass through.As the blade is contracted the inner end Ill passes over the aperturesthus shearing any hair that may be therein. The amount of bladecontraction may be limited by the size of the inner bore ll. dles theguide 8 and keeps the blade from turn ing in the caps.

The power model'imparts motion to the blade through the tension rod l3which passes freely through the inner cap 4 but is secured to the outercap 4 by the nut I 4. The tension rod receives its motion from plungerl5 of the solenoid coil it, all of which are within a non-conductivecase ll. Current is supplied through the wires l8, one going directly toone side of the solenoid coil, the other going to the other side of thecoil through the spring breaker circuit I9. When the current is turnedon the plunger I5, is drawn The slot I2 stradinto the coil l6, when itreaches a predetermined point, the fiber rod 20 strikes the springbreaker is opening the circuit at the points 2|. The coil being withoutenergy the spring 22 returns the plunger l5 to its outward positionallowing the points 2! to contact each other again and therebyenergizing the coil l6. Thus it may be seen that the plunger l5 willmove in and out with great rapidity. The plunger i5 is counterbored toreceive the tension rod l3, and is retained by the collar 23 which maybe pressed or screwed to the plunger. The rod l3 passes freely throughthe collar 23 but its movement is limited by the collar 24 which issecured to the rod l3. It may be seen that the plunger l5 has freemotion until it nears the inner end of its stroke, when the collar 23strikes the collar 24 causing the outer cap 4 to move toward the innercap 4 thereby contracting the blade I. This construction permits the useof a much smaller coil and plunger as the kinetic energy of the plungeris utilized. If it becomes necessary to replace the blade, the nut 14and the outer cap 4 may be removed and a new blade installed. The caseis. held together by the pins 25 which pass through the case l1 and intothe combination end and inner cap 4, and the end 26 to which the pointsare secured. The coil I6 is held between the grip of the end pieces. Iprovide the cores 3| to the cap 4 so as to limit the contraction of theblade in order to obviate damage to the cutting edges.

In Fig. '7 is shown a shaver wherein the blade is at right angles to thesolenoid. The solenoid and tension bore are thesame as the one describedabove. The chief difierence being that the caps 4 are secured to thearms 21, that are hinged at 28. The tension rod I3 is connected to thetoggle links 29, which in turn are hinged to the arms 21 at 30. When thesolenoid is energized the toggles pull the arms 21 inward thuscontracting the blade I, causing its cutting edges to operate. The arms21 as shown are not quite parallel but when the solenoid is energizedthey are, thus insuring uniform pressure on the ends of the blade at thecutting point. The blade may be replaced in this model by removing thescrews 28 from the case 32.

In Fig. 8 is a tong type of shaver having a handle 33, and a lever 34,the two being commonly hinged by the pin 35. The blade I is held by thejaws formed to hold it, and by holding the handle and pressing on thelever it will contract the blade.

While the form of mechanism herein shown and described is admirablyadapted to fulfill the objects primarily stated, it is to be understoodthat it is not intended to confine the invention to the one form ofembodiment herein shown and described as it is susceptible of embodimentin various forms all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

Iclaim:

1. A one piece shaver blade rolled into a cylinder with its one free endoverlapping the other free end, the outermost end having aperturestherein through which hair may pass, the inner free end disposed at oneside of the apertures and capable of sliding past them when the blade iscontracted and thereby cutting the hair that may extend through theapertures.

2. A dry shaver consisting of a blade made of a one piece sheet rolledinto an open cylindrical shape so that its cross section resembles a C,said blade capable of being contracted until the cylinder sectionbecomes a closed circle thereby cutting the hair that may be in theopening of the blade, a guard disposed within the blade bridging theopening therein, and a pair of caps having tapered bores for contractingthe blade disposed on the ends of the blade.

3. A dry shaver comprised of a one piece blade having opposed cuttingedges, said blade rolled into a substantially cylindrical form so thecutting edges are normally held spaced a short distance apart, a guardconsisting of a common coil spring disposed within the blade, a caphaving straight bore for receiving the cylindrical blade and a taperedbore for contracting the blade so that the cutting edges will meet,disposed on each end of the blade.

4. A shaver blade consisting of a piece of tubing having a longitudinalcut the full length of its wall, said edges produced by the cutconstituting the cutting edges which are normally spaced apart, a guardfor bridging the gapbetween the cutting edges disposed within the blade,said blade capableof being deflected thereby permitting the cuttingedges to meet.

5. A shaver blade consisting of a flat piece of stock, having twoopposed cutting edges, said stock rolled into a cylindrical shape untilthe cutting edges nearly meet, said blade capable of being contracteduntil the cutting edges meet, and a guard disposed within the blade forbridging the gap when the blade is expanded.

6. A one piece shaver blade consisting of a rectangular piece of stockhaving cutting edges on two of its opposed edges, said stock rolled intoa substantially cylindrical shape so that its cross section normallyresembles a C in shape, its cutting edges being in spaced relationship,said cylindrical blade capable of being contracted diametrically topermit the cutting edges to come together.

7. A one piece combination guard and shaver blade rolled into a cylinderwith its one free end overlapping the other free end, 'the outermost endhaving apertures therein through which hair may pass, the inner free endconstituting thecutting edge disposed at one side of the apertures, saidinner free end capable of sliding past the apertures when the blade iscontracted cutting the hair that may extend through the apertures, andat least one slot at one end of the blade to keep it from turning whenplaced in its operating mechanism.

8. A shaver having a cylindrically formed blade whose cross sectionnormally resembles a C in shape, said blade adapted to be contracteduntil its cutting edges meet, a coil spring guard disposed within theblade, a cap having a straight bore for retaining the blade whenexpanded and a tapered bore for contracting the blade disposed on'eachend of the blade, a solenoid coil disposed near one of the contractingcaps, a movable plunger disposed within the coil, a spring for holdingthe plunger in an outward position, a set of breaker points in the coilcircuit, a rod secured to the plunger for interrupting the coil circuit,'a tension rod connecting the outer cap and the plunger, said capsadapted to be contracted by said solenoid actuated rod.

, 9. A shaver consisting of a one piece cylindrically shaped bladeadapted to be contracted to operate, a cap disposed on each end of theblade, each cap having a straight bore for holding the blade whenexpanded and a tapered bore that is a continuation of the straight borefor contracting the blade when said caps are moved toward each other,each cap secured to the end of an arm that is hinged at its oppositeend, a pair of toggle links secured to the arms, and power means forimparting reciprocating motion to the toggles.

v 10. A shaver consisting of a one piece cylindrically shaped bladeadapted to contract and expand in performing its cutting operation, a

tonglike device for contracting the blade consisting of a handle and alever each having one extreme end formed into a semicircular jaw to fitthe blade, said handle and lever commonly hinged near their jaw ends,the blade having virtual spring tension for expanding itself and themetal, and a guard disposed within the blade. 10

EDWIN JACOBSEN.

